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KMID : 1143420220150372590
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Public Health Weekly Report
2022 Volume.15 No. 37 p.2590 ~ p.2609
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A Study on the Infection Characteristics of Toxoplasmosis in the Republic of Korea
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Shin Eun-Hee
Ham Do-Won
Shin Ji-Hoon
Shin Een-Suk
Lee Ho-Sung
Kwon Jeong-Ran
Lee Ji-Yeon
Hwang Kyung-Won
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Abstract
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Toxoplasmosis is an intracellular protozoan infection caused by Toxoplasma gondii that maintains a chronic infection
in human tissues for a long period of time, especially in the immune-privileged central nervous system. In pregnant
women, congenital infection of the fetus through amniotic fluid and placenta can occur, which can lead to naturopathies
and malformations and, in severe cases, death of the fetus. In addition, it is known that it can cause neuropathies such as
encephalitis and irreversible disorders even in patients with severely weakened immune functions. In Korea, toxoplasmosis has been designated as a Class 4 legal infectious disease Imported parasitic disease, but the number of patients reported to the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency is increasing every year, and the proportion of domestic outbreaks among the total number of reported cases is high. This means that the current preventive management policy for Toxoplasmosis does not sufficiently reflect the actual occurrence status, so we thought that the more appropriate measures are needed in the management and prevention of the disease. Therefore, in this study for defining the outbreak status and epidemiological characteristics of toxoplasmosis in korea, we analyzed the epidemiological characteristics of toxoplasmosis outbreaks by using the medical statement of 5,917 patients, which diagnosed in toxoplasmosis, from 2007 to 2020 at the Health Insurance Review & Assessment Service. In addition we analyzed the electronic medical record (EMR) of 538 patients which diagnosed in toxoplasmosis at 4 upper-scale general hospitals. In particular, the main purpose of this study was to identify the current status of toxoplasmosis in pregnant women, children with congenital infections, and immunocompromised patients and to examine the possibility of endemic of toxoplasmosis in Korea. Our results showed that Toxoplasmosis is a endemic parasitic disease in Korea. The proportion of patients is high in women of childbearing age. Toxoplasmosis in pregnant women, children with congenital infections, and immunocompromised patients is more likely to have an omission of diagnosis rate than the actual percentage of infected patients. Accordingly, we expected that the results of this study will serve as basic data to be used for establishing the appropriate management measures for Toxoplasmosis in the Republic of Korea.
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KEYWORD
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Toxoplasma gondii, Toxoplasmosis, Congenital toxoplasmosis, Pregnant women, HIV infections, Immunocompromised patients
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